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Objective To systematically review the association between circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and prognosis in critically ill patients by using Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA). Methods The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data were searched from creating of the database up to October, 2018 for cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, or cohort studies on the relevance between mtDNA and prognosis in critically ill patients. Then, Meta-analysis and TSA were performed using Stata 12.0 software and TSA v0.9 software. Results A total of 15 prospective cohort studies involves 1318 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that mtDNA was associated with prognosis in critically ill patients (SMD=1.08, 95%CI 0.66-1.49, P=0.000). Subgroup analysis of mitochondrial DNA specific primer, centrifugal parameters, source of mitochondrial DNA as mtDNA standard curve, types of sample, extraction technology, types of outcome and disease, and age showed that, except for the types of the sample, outcome and disease, and age, results were affected apparently and differently by the rest factors. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the model is stable and reliable. Egger test revealed there were maybe publication bias. And the results of TSA displayed that all of the cumulative Z-curve strode traditional threshold value and TSA threshold value which suggested that affirmative conclusions had been reached, namely mtDNA could predict the prognosis of serious diseases as its biomarker clearly. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that mtDNA in circulation could be considered as a biomarker for the prognosis of severe disease. However, due to possible publication bias, the above conclusions should be treated with caution and it also requires a standard process to extract mtDNA from peripheral blood and more trials to prove it.
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AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of corticosterone(CORT)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)and its relation with xan-thine oxidase(XO).METHODS:An inflammatory model of mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 was established by stimula-ting with LPS.Total cellular protein was extracted after the macrophages were treated with CORT at different concentrations (0~900 μg/L).The protein levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined by Western blot.According to the treat-ments,the macrophages were divided into control group,LPS group,LPS+CORT group and LPS+allopurinol group.Cell components were extracted at 0,0.5,1,1.5 and 2 h.The protein levels of NLRP3 and XO were determined by Western blot,and the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and XO was detected by real-time PCR.RESULTS: CORT at 700 μg/L and above significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP 3 and the activation of caspase-1 in the macrophages induced by LPS (P<0.05).Compared with LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 and XO in LPS +CORT group was inhibited(P <0.05),and the expression of NLRP3 in LPS+allopurinol group was also reduced(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: High concentration of CORT inhibits the expression of NLRP 3 in LPS-induced mouse macrophages,which is associated with XO. The inhibitory effect of CORT may be related to the reduction of XO expression.
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BACKGROUND: The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of cartilage damage has become a hot spot of research. Further studies on the distribution of MSCs in the body after injection and on the underlying mechanism of action are needed. OBJECTIVE: To observe the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after injection into the region of osteochondral defect. METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into two groups (n=15 per group). In the control group, the femoral tochlear was exposed but an osteochondral defect was not made; and after the suture, PKH26-labeled BMSCs were directly injected into the articular cavity of rats. In the experimental group, a cartilage defect of 1 mm in diameter and 1 mm in depth was made in the rat femoral trochlea, and 5×106PKH26-labeled BMSCs were injected into the defect after operation. At 1, 3 and 7 days after injection, the femoral condyle was taken to make frozen sections followed by DAPI staining. The distribution of BMSCs was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the control group, PKH26-labeled BMSCs were not transferred to the subchondral bone. In the experimental group, BMSCs were detected in the subchondral bone area at 1, 3 days after injection of PKH26-BMSCs in the bone cartilage defect area, and the BMSCs were also found in the bone marrow cavity at 7 days after injection. In conclusion, BMSCs in the articular cavity cannot migrate into the subchondral bone and bone marrow cavity unless the cartilage of the femoral condyle is damaged.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the influence of obesity on surgical procedure and short-term surgical outcome in patients with gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 426 patients with gastric carcinoma underwent laparotomy in our hospital during January 2006 and June 2008. All the patients were divided into obesity group and non-obesity group according to body mass index (BMI). The thickness of subcutaneous fat (SCF), abdominal anterior-posterior diameter (APD) and transverse diameter (TD) at the umbilicus level were measured by abdominal CT. Furthermore, the surgical data and postoperative conditions including short-term outcome were reviewed and compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of obesity was 29.8% in gastric carcinoma patients. Mean values of SCF thickness, APD and TD in obesity group and non-obesity group were (21.8+/-7.1) mm vs (14.4+/-7.5) mm, (223.2+/-24.6) mm vs (181.8+/-23.5) mm and (323.6+/-23.8) mm vs (285.8+/-24.4) mm (P=0.000). Longer operative time (P=0.007) and less amount of dissected lymph nodes were found in obesity group as compared to non-obesity group (P=0.000). Also, obesity group lasted a longer postoperative period of fever (P=0.000) and experienced more post-operative complications (P=0.005) than non-obesity group did.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Abdominal CT scan may display the abdominal shape of gastric carcinoma patients, hence, it is useful to evaluate the difficulty of surgical procedure. These patients may involve in complicated surgical procedure and worse short-term outcome due to obese abdominal shape. Therefore, perioperative management should be emphasized for these patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Abdomen , General Surgery , Body Mass Index , Gastroplasty , Obesity , Stomach Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS) on mitochondrial calcium ion and cytochrome C in the epididymal cells of type 2 diabetes rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty adolescent rats were randomly divided into a model group (n=20), a GLS group (n=20) and a control group (n=10). The animals of the former two groups were injected with 2% STZ via vena caudalis for one time to induce type 2 diabetes. Then the model group was given high-fat-sugar diet, the GLS group high-fat-sugar diet + GLS (250 mg/kg x d), and the control group normal diet + CA-citrate sodium buffer. The bilateral epididymides were obtained 10 weeks later and the contents of mitochondrial calcium and cytochrome C detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Type 2 diabetes models were successfully constructed. The content of mitochondrial calcium in the epididymal cells was significantly higher in the model group ([3.279 +/- 0.502] mg/L) than in the control group ([2.606 +/- 0.048] mg/L, P < 0.01), with no significant difference between the GLS group ([2.693 +/- 0. 196] mg/L) and the control (P > 0.05). In the model group, the content of mitochondrial cytochrome C ([3.213 +/- 1.511] micromol/L) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) while that of cytoplasm cytochrome C ([2.484 +/- 0.661] micromol/L) significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in the control ([5.688 +/- 1.679] micromol/L and [1.574 +/- 0.329] micromol/L, respectively). In the GLS group, the content of mitochondrial cytochrome C ([5.258 +/- 1.560] micromol/L) was higher, with no significant difference (P > 0.05), and that of cytoplasm cytochrome C ([1.727 +/- 0.396] micromol/L) significantly lower than in the model group (P < 0.05), but the difference between the GLS and the control group was not significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With disequilibrium of calcium homeostasis and damage to mitochondria, there might be excessive apoptosis in the epididymal cells of type 2 diabetes rats. Ganoderma lucidum spores could protect epididymal cells and counteract their apoptosis in diabetic condition.</p>